Hugh Prathers Notes to Myself :: Notes to Myself Essays

Sometimes globe has to ask the question what is it that makes up theactions and determines the type of interaction that we display when somewhatother people? Notes to Myself is the contemporary worlds way of questioningthe value of move on facades. The novel as well questions things we know as trivial such as watching a throw sleep on our belly or staring at clouds in thesky. The author used an kindle manakin for writing his collection, omittingpage poetry and leaving no indication as to what subject the reader should continue to be encountering upon reading sections.His views atomic number 18 interesting to say the least. Focusing on self meditationand self reliance, he proceeds to describe military personnel interaction and what he re bothyis thinking when exposed to contrasting situations. For instance, he describes aconversation with a unsalted lady in which she valued to just be friends whilehe being male can do nothing about the fact that he may be sexu bothy arous edby her whether they were just friends or not. This type of unconventional feeling of human emotion is the color of all of the selections. The authordoes not bid to conceal feeling nor put on different faces in differentsituations but be himself and be quick being himself at all times.     Interesting stands on happiness ar also expressed. Boredom is mistilyrelated to happiness by the systematization that i can be happy simply by select lint off of the floor. While his thoughts are genuine, one can almost sweep up the randomness of human thought. in that location is a wrinkled cellophanewrapper on my desk and it reflects my image just as water does. Randomness isdefinitely one of this obliges strong points. (That random execration beforehandwas a personal precedent of the wandering mind).     This is the type of book that you would not want to read betwixtcommercials but one that warrants a good hour and a half(prenominal) (at leas t) of quietHugh Prathers Notes to Myself Notes to Myself EssaysSometimes mankind has to ask the question what is it that makes up theactions and determines the type of interaction that we display when aroundother people? Notes to Myself is the contemporary worlds way of questioningthe value of putting on facades. The novel also questions things we know as trivial such as watching a cat sleep on our belly or staring at clouds in thesky. The author used an interesting form for writing his collection, omittingpage numbers and leaving no indication as to what subject the reader shouldexpect to be encountering upon reading sections.His views are interesting to say the least. Focusing on self meditationand self reliance, he proceeds to describe human interaction and what he reallyis thinking when exposed to different situations. For instance, he describes aconversation with a young lady in which she wanted to just be friends whilehe being male can do nothing about the fact that he may b e sexually arousedby her whether they were just friends or not. This type of unconventionalexpression of human emotion is the color of all of the selections. The authordoes not wish to conceal feeling nor put on different faces in differentsituations but be himself and be happy being himself at all times.     Interesting stands on happiness are also expressed. Boredom is vaguelyrelated to happiness by the rationalization that one can be happy simply bypicking lint off of the floor. While his thoughts are genuine, one can almostcomprehend the randomness of human thought. There is a wrinkled cellophanewrapper on my desk and it reflects my image just as water does. Randomness isdefinitely one of this books strong points. (That random sentence beforehandwas a personal example of the wandering mind).     This is the type of book that you would not want to read betweencommercials but one that warrants a good hour and a half (at least) of quiet

Crucial Effect Of The Cuban Missile Crisis Essay -- History, Nuclear W

Since the Cuban Revolution of 1959, strain and problematic situations have arose among the United States and Cuba (US-Cuba Relations 1). Before America helped Cuba fight of the Spanish for their independence, the Americans had loyal political and economical affairs within the island (US-Cuba Relations 1). But, since the Cubans created a ground of their own, they blocked the Americans from some(prenominal) freedoms within Cuba (US-Cuba Relations 1). Although there are many examples of the tension amid America and Cuba, the Cuban Missile Crisis had the most of the essence(p) gear up on their long lasting feud.The main reason for the significant effect of the Cuban Missile Crisis comes from the fact that this event was the closest the creative activity has ever been to a nuclear war. In 1962, America was very on the watch with their nuclear weapons, being able to attack the Soviet Union with missiles if prerequisite (Overview of the Crisis 1). But the disadvantage to the Sov iets was that their missiles could only be used within Europe. As a result, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev proposed the idea of placing their missile launching centres in Cuba, making their distance from the United States very slim (Overview of the Crisis 1). Since Castro was fearing a nonher American attack, he approved the proposal of placing missiles on his island. By 1962, the Soviets had started placing missiles in Cuba, and that was when the crisis began (Overview of the Crisis 1). On October 15, 1962, photos were taken from American airplanes revealing the missions of the Soviet missiles in Cuba (Overview of the Crisis 1). On October 22, chairwoman Kennedy took matters into his own hands by announcing the reveal of missiles in Cuba (Overview of the Crisis 1). He announced his mission to q... ...was a powerful source of the tension that still exists amidst America and Cuba, but since it remains to separate the two countries from each different, it does not prove as sign ificant as the Cuban Missile Crisis. Therefore, the attitude of the Cuban Missile Crisis proves to be the strongest of all events that represent tension between the United States and Cuba. In conclusion, the Cuban Missile Crisis proves to have had a titanic impact on our world today. Whether it is through the way we consider how we avoided a nuclear war, learnt a lesson of resolution, or compare its significance to other events between Cuba and America, this crucial event has shown a significant part in North American and European history. Although there are many examples of the tension between America and Cuba, the Cuban Missile Crisis had the most crucial effect on their long lasting feud.

Lux target audience Essay

First mannish Brand Ambassador Shahrukh Khan (female following) lx derived from the word luxury has evermore used successful film actors of the time such as Madhubala, Hema Malini, Kareena Kapoor to bear the product. Leader in the marketplace (14.4%) Lux has been facing intense rival from Wipro Consumers Santoor (8.8%) and ITCs Vivel and Fiama di wills which have been gaining market share much faster. -Started run into as a feminine skin and beauty soap in 1925.-Focuses on external beauty (fine odours) can play with fragrances idea -Targets classifiable Indian mindset of outer beauty (more active stance on beauty) -An aspiration for every girl living in rural country uses personalities from the silver screen, which makes it an inspirational mail -Uses Bollywood connect to communicate the same (movie-loving tush audience) -Theme Combination of style and romanceDemographicGender Female develop 16 35Income Middle Income Group. Targets the urban and semi urban hurry ing middle class and middle class segment of the population, who falls under(a) A to C of SEC Target Area Urban and rig urban Middle and Upper Middle ClassLifestyle shop at movie watcher (genre romantic) (can use Multiplex as the media) Liking for fragrance Day Dreamer? Advertisement driven Status certain Looks conscious Liking for new clothes Advertisers belovedInfluencer retailer can be the influencer.Recent Signed Sonam Kapoor and Dhanush as Brand Ambassadors. commute in positioning?The brand is slowly moving away from a beauty soap for a star to a soap for couples. musical composition the overarching Lux celebrity quotient has remained intact since 1929 when Leela Chitnis promised smooth skin through Lux, the brand positioning has shifted.Good to know-Many variants-Labelling prominent, female model-Introduced Mini Lux for Rs. 5 (45gms.) Not sure whether it is available in the market now. -Lacks androgynous appeal

Dr. Johnson’s Criticism of Shakespeare Essay

Samuel Johnson (1709-1784), a flamboyant and assorted scholar, expresses his view of Shakespe ar in his edition of Shakespeares plays which are enriched by his prefaces. save like other critics he does not eulogize the poet on the contrary, he dwells on the faults in his plays. He shows a very balanced and fair mind capable of judging the merits and demerits of his plays without being influenced by the h allow effect. He reads neither to admire everything, nor does he contradict his excellence he performs the project of weighing and considering what he reads and offers his comments which have a moral bias. In The antecede to Shakespeare  he admires him as  the poet of nature, not of learning the creator of characters who spring to deportment and a writer whose works express the full range of military personnel passions (Norton.1255) His judgment of Shakespeare has both the positive and the negative aspects and he does not pamper in bardolatry like other critics. He accepts that dead writers are unnecessarily glorified and the living ones are neglected. He rightly says, The great tilt of criticism is to find the faults of the moderns and the beauties of the ancients. (Norton.1256) He also advocates the critical theory that an rootage can be evaluated only by comparing his works with others, so in the production of genius, nothing can be styled excellent trough it has been compared with other works of the same kind. (Norton.1256) He  also upholds the view that a literary work can be called great only when it has stood the see of time.He thinks, Shakespeare is, above all writers, at least above all modern writers, the poet of nature, the poet that holds up to his proofreaders a faithful mirror of manners and of life. (Norton.1257) It is backbreaking to surpass this succinct summing up of Shakespeares genius. But Johnson disparages the uncritical credenza of Shakespeare as perfect he points out his faults as well, without undermining h is genius.Johnson praises Shakespeares dodge of characterization highlighting their variety, depth, credibility and the power of delighting his readers. Using his comparative method, he observes, they are the genuine progeny of common humanity In the publications of other poets a character is too often an individual in those of Shakespeare it is commonly a species. (Norton.1257) The characters and the situations are so impressive because Shakespeare has no heroes, his scenes are occupied only by men, who act and speak as the reader thinks that he should himself have spoken or acted on the same critical point(Norton.1258) This culminates in his view, his drama is the mirror of life. (Norton.1258)Being a believer in didactic function of literature, he appreciates how his plays are full of practical axioms and home(prenominal) wisdom (Norton.1257) just now for the same reason he criticizes him when it is absent, He sacrifices impartiality to convenience, and is so much more caref ul to please than to instruct that he seems to write without any moral purpose. (Norton.1259)  It is clear that he does not believe in art for arts sake like Oscar Wilde and Walter Pater. Johnson in vain castigates Shakespeare for not being a moralist, he that thinks reasonably, must think morally, but his precepts and axioms drop casually from him he makes no just distribution of wakeless or evil (Norton.1259)

Managerial Stakeholder Theory

Managerial Stakeholder Theory To predict real-life phenomena we need theories. Similarly, stakeholder surmisal is a speculation which is exercisingd to explain the phenomena of motive for corporate loving revealings. This seek produce is based on the concept of stakeholder hypothesis and its practical applications in predicting the phenomena of corporate hearty disclosures (van der Laan 2009). hike t here will be report of Managerial stakeholder guess. The concept of stakeholder system has got popularity among corporate world, theatre directors, media and academics.Concept of Stakeholder direction possible action is in truth much cogitate to barter ethics and it has dominated the literature of business ethics. In doing business values become a necessary let show up of the musical arrangement and stakeholder hypothesis starts from this assumption. Stakeholder theory explains the behavior of managers towards their stakeholders and also tells us how the managers compliments to do the business. The theory also clears that what agreeable of relationship managers want with their stakeholders and what sorting of relationship they should charter (Aarhus School of Business 2004).There will also be a brief history of stakeholder theory and its theatrical situation in explaining the motivation for corporate companionable disclosures. There argon two theories which be offered to decipher the phenomena of motivation for the corporate social disclosures. First one is managerial stakeholder theory and an parvenu(prenominal) is authenticity theory. Legitimacy theory is not our concern here as it says that corporate social disclosures ar impulsive in reputation and atomic number 18 part of process of legitimating (Crane & angstrom unit conclave A Ruebottom 2011).An obligate The role of theory in explaining motivation for corporate social disclosures voluntary disclosures v/s solicited disclosure from the journal Australasian accounting bus iness and pay journal is considered to complete the assessment. The article is a good source of culture for the topic stakeholder theory as it is currently written. This is a highly current article as it is taken from the journal which is a journal of university of Sydney.The article covers all the training which is required to complete this assessment. It explains the concept of corporate social disclosures in detail and how it is motivated by the theories like stakeholder theory and genuineness theory. Accuracy of the article is excellent as it is easily accessible and contacting information of the power is also provided. The author is a highly renowned author in Australia and also is a faculty of economics and business in the University of Sydney (Colorado college community 2012).The phenomenon which is wrangleed in this induce later is of motivation for corporate social disclosures. Corporate social disclosures argon primarily voluntary in character as it tells the stake holders of an organization about the versed information of the organization. Stakeholders atomic number 18 the central part of the organization and they should have the information about the organization. But straight off corporate social disclosures ar not voluntary every judgment of conviction as there atomic number 18 companies which keep their stakeholder a delegacy from the information which tummy affect them.Stakeholders like NGOs, regulatory agencies, fund managers who are this instant or indirectly associated with the organization are demanding the social information from the companies and therefore increasing the social responsibilities of the companies (Crane & antiophthalmic factoramp Ruebottom 2011). This is how the concept of solicited corporate social disclosure comes into existence. Due to this confusion around disclosure principles we have a loose area of research. harmonise to freeman the explanation of Stakeholder is any company or individual who p rat affect or is abnormal by the action of the organization. Shareholders also come under stakeholders sort out as they are the important part of the organization. Shareholders are also affected by the devoteds victory or failure that like customers, suppliers, employees and local anesthetic community. In general the idea of the stakeholder theory is about the conceptualization of the organization i. e. how an organization should be. Friedman has said that the organization itself should be thought of as chemical group of stakeholders and the purpose of the organization should be to manage their interests, needs and viewpoints. A managers responsibility is to manage the corporation for the benefit of its stakeholder so that they apprize insure their rights and participation in decision making. Management of an organization is just like an agent for the stakeholders which ensures the excerption of the firm (Fontaine, Haarman &amp Schmid 2006). The description of stakehold er and its relationship with management purpose of the organization and its behavior towards the stakeholders role of the managers towards the stakeholders these things have got changed over the time and are very confusing.For example the father of stakeholder theory Freeman himself changed the definition of stakeholder. In one of his latest publication he defines stakeholder as those groups who are vital to the success and survival of the corporation. In his other latest publication he states that The principle of stakeholder recourse. Stakeholder may bring an domesticate against the directors for failure to perform the required duty of flush. In all we elicit say that the concept of stakeholder theory needs to be studied exhaustively so that we can get a clear picture of the theory (Reed 1999).There are two get ones to the stakeholder theory first one is called as prescriptive come on and the mho one is known as descriptive approach. The principles and ideas which are e xplained above come under prescriptive approach of Stakeholder Theory. Normative approach of stakeholder theory explains the behavior of managers and stakeholders towards organization i. e. how the managers and stakeholders should act and what should be their view on the purpose of the organization.It is all based on roughly ethical principles. The descriptive approach of the stakeholder theory deals with the actual behavior of the managers and stakeholders towards the organization. This theory is concerned with managers and stakeholders i. e. how they in truth view their actions and roles. There is another approach to the Stakeholder theory which is known as Instrumental stakeholder theory which is concerned about how the managers and stakeholders should behave if they want to work on their own interest.In some literature own interest is considered as the objective of the organization i. e. maximization of shareholders wealth and profit maximization of the organization. So in al l we can say that generally there are three approaches to the managerial stakeholder theory first normative approach second descriptive approach and the third is Instrumental approach. As the concept of the Stakeholder theory has got popular among organizations resultantly different definitions of the stakeholder has been developed. The question arises what is a Stakeholder?Stanford Research Institute (SRI) defines the stakeholder as those groups without whose support organization would cease to exist. This definition is given in the restrain of Freeman. aft(prenominal) this Freeman gave another definition of the Stakeholder that any group or individual who can affect or is affected by the achievement of the organizations objectives. After this Freeman continued to use these definitions in a modified form those groups who are vital to the survival and the success of the organizations. So, we can say that there is no a particular definition of stakeholder which is accepted by the entire business community but yes, they use it according to their needs. presently when the definition of stakeholder is clear the other question comes in front of us and that is who the stakeholders are? We can classify the stakeholders in group of throng who are associated with the organization. The main groups of stakeholders are Customers, Employees, Local Communities, Suppliers and Distributers and Shareholders. This classification of stakeholders is through by Friedman.He has also considered some other groups as stakeholders in addition, these groups are The media, the public in general, business partners, future generations, past generations ( makeers of the organization), academics, competitors, NGOs or activists, stakeholder representatives such as trade unions or trade associations of suppliers or distributors, financiers other than stockholders (debt holders, bond holders and creditors), government, regulators and policymakers. After the classification of the stakehold er there are some other sub classifications such as media will be categorise as Print media, Television, radio.Similarly, other classifications are having their sub categories and definitions (Fontaine, Haarman &amp Schmid 2006). If we talk about the history of the stakeholder theory, it came into existence in the mid of 1980. The mortal who gave this theory to the world is Richard Edward Freeman. The credit of the popularization of stakeholder concept goes to Freeman. The title of his work is Strategic Management and only the subtitle is A Stakeholder Approach and came out in 1984. The concept of stakeholder of Freeman was done on the perspective of company.He build on the process work of Ion Mitroff, Richard Mason, and James Emshoff. The word stakeholder came from research work in Stanford Research Institute (SRI) in 1960. After this the concept of stakeholder was to a great extent influenced by the planning department of the Lockheed Company and these ideas were developed from the researching done by Igor Ansoff and Robert Steward. Dodd said that GEC was already identifying four groups with whom they had to deal with. These four groups were shareholders, employees, customers and general public.After this in 1990s Johnson and Johnson added one more group to this category and this group was of managers. Further the concept of stakeholder theory got modified by Friedman and is still on the way of modification. Theories and frame kit and boodle which were traditional were not efficient enough to help managers to develop new strategic directions. Freeman says that the old theories were not consistent with the quality and kind of change which were taking enter in the environment of 1980s. In Freemans word it was not enough to solve the calls for increased productivity using the method actings from Japan or Europe.According to Freeman, The emergence of new groups, events and issues which cannot be quick understood within the framework of an existing mode l or theory It makes us un light because it cannot be readily assimilated into the relatively more comfortable relationships with suppliers, owners, customers and employees It originates and the murky area labeled environment and affects our ability cope with internal changes. Freeman made his view of the firm as a parking lot hub and managers were not mentioned in this hub as they work within the firm so they will automatically be included in the hub (Crane &amp Ruebottom 2011).The word Stakeholder was chosen by Freeman on the basis of the traditional word Stockholder. Stockholder is a word which takes only a pure tone on the economic point of view but Stakeholder considers a group of people who can affect or can get affected by the achievement of the organizations objective. Means stakeholder is a broader edge and stockholder is a narrower term which can come under stakeholder. Now we will be discussing Normative, Descriptive and Instrumental theories of stakeholder separat ely.The aim of normative approach of the stakeholder theory is to understand the moral or philosophical guidelines linked to the activities or the management of the corporations. In descriptive approach we consider the behavior of the managers towards the stakeholders, way how they deal with the stakeholders. On the other hand instrumental approach say the organizational consequences of taking into account stakeholders in management examining the connections between the place of stakeholder management and the achievement of various corporate governance goals.Normative theory is the amount of money of the stakeholder theory. It answers the questions like what are the responsibilities of the companies in respect of the stakeholders. And why should companies take care of others interests than the shareholders interests. Many authors accept that relationships between the firm and the stakeholders are based on the moral commitments and normative approach deals with the same. Freeman and Evan gave their normative theory based on the definition of stakeholder that those groups who are vital to the survival and success of the corporation. These groups involve customers, employees, suppliers, communities, shareholders and managers. Evan and Freeman proposed two principles Principle of corporate legitimacy and the stakeholder fiduciary principle. The first principle says that the company should be managed for the benefits of its stakeholders and also stakeholders moldiness participate in decision making. The second principle states that management mustiness act as an agent of the stakeholders for the welfare of the stakeholders and to insure the survival of the firm. After this there were other principles developed by Freeman in normative approach e. g.The principle of entry and exit, the principle of governance, the principle of externalities, the principle of contract costs, the agency principle and the principle of limited immortality (Fontaine, Haarman &amp Schmid 2006). move out course these principles are having their particular definitions. After normative approach if we discuss about analytic approach of the stakeholder theory then we must recover that it is the combination of instrumental and descriptive approach. This analytical approach was proposed by Donaldson and Preston. The analytical theory answers the question how to organize into the hierarchy stakeholders influence.Let us first discuss Freemans theory. He gave two definitions of the stakeholders Group of people who can affect or can be affected by the achievement of the organizations objective. Those groups who are vital to the survival of the organization. According to the Freeman it is necessary to understand who are those groups who can affect or can be affected by the achievement of the objectives of the firm? He said that each MNC should be clear about its stakeholder and for that he suggested succeeding(a) questions Who are our current and potential stakeho lders? What are their interests and rights?How does each stakeholder affect us? How do we affect each stakeholder? How do we keep score with our stakeholder? And many another(prenominal) more questions are there in the list. Now when we talk about stakeholder theory and its practical application on corporate social disclosure principles then the theory of solicited corporate social disclosure comes into its existence. According to Gray, to place corporate social disclosures in a theoretical context, several broad, overlap groups of theories concerning information flows between organizations and society have been used. Theories which are social nd political in nature and deal with the flow of information from companies to the stakeholders are considered more admit for the explanation of corporate social disclosures (CSD). Development of the stakeholder theory and legitimacy theory is based on the political economy perspective. flat the perspectives for both the theories are same but there are big differences among them. Stakeholder theory is recognized when an organization has to deal with its stakeholders at micro aim and legitimacy theory is applied at a conceptual train (Fontaine, Haarman &amp Schmid 2006).Donaldson &amp Preston stated that, Stakeholder theory has been locomote and justified on the basis of its descriptive accuracy, instrumental power and normative validity. These three aspects of theory, although interrelated are quite distinct. They involve different types of leaven and argument and have different implications. This research work is based on the descriptive aspect of the stakeholder theory because this is the only aspect of stakeholder theory which is relevant to the real world.Mitchell claims that stakeholder theory attempts to articulate a fundamental question in a systematic way which groups are stakeholders deserving or requiring management attention, and which are not? So, the descriptive approach of stakeholder theo ry clearly explains that who are the stakeholder accountable for the organization and in this way practical application of stakeholder theory is required to explain the phenomenon of motivation for corporate social disclosure.Stakeholder analysis requires the acknowledgment of the stakeholders who are in the need of information from the organization or we can say that who are the stakeholders having some right to have the information (van der Laan 2009). similarly it clears that why these stakeholders require the information and others dont. While deciding the appropriate group of stakeholders to provide the information and the essential information CSDs results in fight between stakeholders. There are no sufficient research works available which can clarify the CSDs concept taking descriptive aspect of stakeholder theory into consideration.Social disclosures are used strategically to manage relationships with stakeholders by influencing the level of external demands originating from many different constituencies. Robert applied the framework of Ullmann and found Stakeholder power, Strategic posture and economic performance are significantly related to the levels of CSDs and which is used by organizational managers as a proactive method of managing stakeholders and their organizational environment. Thus we can say that the descriptive approach of managerial stakeholder theory provides a framework in which we analyze the CSD in a centered way.The only limitation of the theory is that it provides the information of organization to the stakeholders who are really in the need of it. References Ruebottom, T &amp Crane, A 2011, Stakeholder theory and social identity Rethinking stakeholder identification, J Bus Ethics, vol. 102, pp. 77-87. Laan, S 2009, The role of theory in explaining motivation for corporate social disclosure voluntary disclosure vs solicited disclosure, Australasian accounting business and finance journal, vol. , no. 4. Reed, D 1999, Stakeh older management theory a critical theory perspective, Accessed on 3 august 2012, http//www. yorku. ca/dreed/pdf/Stakeholder-Mgmt-Critical-Theory. pdf Fonatine, C, Haarman, A &amp Schmid, S 2006, The Stakeholder theory, Accessed on 3 August 2012, http//www. yorku. ca/dreed/pdf/Stakeholder-Mgmt-Critical-Theory. pdf Colorado community colleges 2012, five criteria for evaluating vane pages, Viewed on 3 August 2012, http//www. ccconline. rg/Library_Resources/Evaluating_Sources/Five_Criteria Heath, J &amp Norman, W 2004, Stakeholder theory, corporate governance and public management, Journal of business ethics, vol. 53, pp. 247-265. Reynolds, S, Schultz, F &amp Hekman, D 2006, Stakeholder theory and managerial decision making constraints and implications of balancing stakeholder interests, Journal of business ethics, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 285-301. Phillips, R, Freeman, R, &amp Wicks, A 2003, what stakeholder theory is not, Business ethics quarterly, vol. 13, no. 4, pp. 479-50 2.

Psychopathy Influences and Factors Essay

mental disease has been around for hundreds of years and with a variety of names. In the early 1800s it was considered ex adeninele insanity and was based on the unsociable and nonconformity of individuals in society, only when non necessarily wicked (Vitacco, Neuman & group A Jackson, 2005). Today, the same description holds veritable to much or less extent. Merriam-Webster (2008) defines mental disease as a mental disquiet guideing symptoms of insensitive and antisocial doings.In the early view this illness was viewed as just a deficit of character, where today, psychopathy is viewed as a treatable disorder that has ties to unpeaceful and non- cutthroat behaviors (Ross, Benning, & angstrom unit Adams, 2007). By the early 1940s, a set measuring stick of 16 criteria was used to diagnose this moral insanity or psychopathy. This diagnosing wight was focused on the behavior and personality traits and actions of the person, but had not been viewed as a factor in studyin g criminal behavior (Vitacco, Neuman &type A Jackson, 2005).This early 20th Century research in the field of force of psychopathy, it has blossomed and grown in to a psychological field of science altogether its own. In the 1980s the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL) which listed the criterion from the initial research as well as new criterion for a total of 20 characteristics. The PCL was used on prisoners and criminally hospitalized people to show a correlativity between psychopathy t polish offencies, and crime and violence. Eventually the PCL was modified a objet dart much to include the Psychopathy Checklist Screening Version (PCLSV), Psychopathy rewrite (PCLR), and the Psychopathy Checklist Y let outh Version (PCLYV).All of these checklists have one occasion in common each tin be used as a fortune telling tool in the relation of psychopathy traits and criminal activity (Reid, & Gacono, 2000 Ross, Benning, & Adams, 2007Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Brownlee, 2006 Vi tacco, Neumann, & Jackson, 2005 Vitale, Brinkley, Hiatt, & Newman, 2007 Wormith, Olver, Stevenson, & Girard, 2007). In just about every study at that place atomic number 18 four factors that ar considered basic traits of the psychopathy personality. These four factors atomic number 18 lay down as forecasters in each of the PCLs used in todays psychopathy research.The traits include interpersonal detachment, affective disorders, non-conforming behavioral traits, and general antisocial actions (Reid, & Gacono, 2000 Ross, Benning, & Adams, 2007Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Brownlee, 2006 Vitacco, Neumann, & Jackson, 2005 Vitale, Brinkley, Hiatt, & Newman, 2007 Wormith, Olver, Stevenson, & Girard, 2007). plot of land most of the recent research has been used mainly on the priapic populations in prisons, juvenile institutions and psychiatric hospitals, the researchers who huge believed the prototype set did not fit with the pistillate personality hav e begun to change the mindset.M whatsoever demographic factors including gender and race argon universe used to determine correlations and gos of the psychopathy personality. Psychopathy and Fe mannish Gender In more recent years, there has been an insurgent amount of research based on the psychopathy tendencies and predictability of womanly youth and adult offenders. The initial studies using any of the PCLs and including women as participants did not show a significant correlation between the psychopathic female and criminal behavior.However, more and more studies are showing correlations between and the prophecy of criminal behavior in adult and adolescent female individuals with psychopathy personalities. One study of mixed adolescents began with the assumption of female participants having underlying factors that are not accounted for in the normal questions of the CPLYV. This assumption was based on the sample of the differences in the development of female and male ado lescents. This study discovered some interesting information.While it was unable to predict non-violent activities in male or female participants, the female participants had fundamental values in the prediction of violent behavior. This was one of the first studies including females that proved it would be used reliable for prediction of female violence (Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Brownlee, 2006). In fact, the connote association with female prediction was 21. 8 with a standard deviation of 5. 8, while male counterparts had a mean association with prediction of 22. 1 and a standard deviation of 6. 9. This shows a correlation in the reliability of the predicting feature of this checklist in relation to female participants (Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Brownlee, 2006). There have also been studies on adult females with psychopathy traits that have found a decrease in intelligence with an increase in anxiety and psychopathic tendencies. This study allowed researchers t o show the validity and reliability of the PCLSV or PCLR as a predicting tool in violent behavior and recidivism possibilities in both female inpatients and outpatients who participated in the study.Finally the task is not more just trying to record the why and what of the male psychopath but the female psychopathy is gaining more ground and more research is being conducted instantly and in the coming(prenominal) (Vitale, Brinkley, Hiatt, & Newman, 2007) Psychopathy and Race Within many of the same studies that are looking at female psychopaths, researchers are also declaring that race whitethorn be a factor in the onset of psychopathy tendencies. to the highest degree studies unfortunately, are coming up short with little significance in any correlation between race and psychopathic traits.In fact, the bulk of the studies are showing a much higher significance in the correlation between gender and psychopathy than race and psychopathy (Reid, & Gacono, 2000 Ross, Benning, & Adams, 2007Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Brownlee, 2006 Vitacco, Neumann, & Jackson, 2005 Vitale, Brinkley, Hiatt, & Newman, 2007 Wormith, Olver, Stevenson, & Girard, 2007). This does not mean that the researchers will stop working toward finding the cause especially if it is a demographic in nature.Todays researchers are working long and hard to gain a better understanding of what is the true cause of psychopathy and if there are any signs that we can focus on when the child is still young. Psychopathy Treatments At this time, there is not known, end all, discourse for psychopathy. The reason for this is due to the number of factors that can attribute to the psychopathy traits. Just being antisocial is not psychopath and just being insensitive is not psychopath.The fact of the matter is that most psychopaths enter treatment just to quit almost immediately. The fact that the disorder is not associated with any practical or tangible pain or symptoms make this disord er easily ignored by the patient and the community. Without tangible repercussions, the treatment is empty and the individual returns to the actions of the past (Reid & Gacono, 2005). Another problem is that no psychiatric medical specialtys seem to work to change the indwelling traits of the psychopath.Without the use of normal types of therapy and medication treatment of this disorder is extremely hard. The only treatment that seems to work with psychopaths is the extreme treatments with rigorous and unchangeable schedules such as wilderness programs and such that point the individual out of normal smell and into a boot multitude like setting with structure and guidance. However, this rigorous lifestyle is usually delinquent as soon and the program is over (Reid & Gacono, 2005).Recidivism of Psychopathy Personalities Recidivism is essentially the chance of a person returning to a way of life that is unacceptable, be the actions criminal, or just not acceptable to the community. In every case, a person who has been diagnosed with a psychopathy disorder is more promising to return to previous actions. In fact, the CPLR is an incredibly accurate predictor of recidivism in persons with psychopathy tendencies. Studies have shown that a higher value in psychopathy and higher value in anxiety correlates with a level intelligence value and a better chance of acting out in a violent way.If the violent action had been used previously, so the chance of recidivism was even more likely (Reid, & Gacono, 2000 Ross, Benning, & Adams, 2007Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Brownlee, 2006 Vitacco, Neumann, & Jackson, 2005 Vitale, Brinkley, Hiatt, & Newman, 2007 Wormith, Olver, Stevenson, & Girard, 2007). Another study showed that many women with psychopathy tendencies also have what is called selective attention abnormalities that cause the women to exhibit violent and criminal actions. The action is not emotionally motivated but is an inhere nt deficit in the personality of the person (Vitale, Brinkley, Hiatt, & Newman, 2007).Conclusion In reality, more studies have to be conducted on psychopathy in mixed populations as well as single demographic variables. The field whitethorn have been around for over 200 years, but it is only now that science is catching up and finally giving some results that researches can use and help to treat this disorder (Reid, & Gacono, 2000 Ross, Benning, & Adams, 2007Schmidt, McKinnon, Chattha, & Brownlee, 2006 Vitacco, Neumann, & Jackson, 2005 Vitale, Brinkley, Hiatt, & Newman, 2007 Wormith, Olver, Stevenson, & Girard, 2007).Psychopathy is not psychotic. There is a difference, but the violent tendencies are just below the surface, and the reason the traits are provoked is still widely unknown. The more research and the clearer the view of this disorder, the more help we can offer to those who are diagnosed in the future.

Does God Use “Evil”? Essay

In the fib of deliverymanianity, the problem of deplorable, or theodicy, has been one(a) of the more vexing questions. It derives from the issue between gods omnipotence on the one hand, and the earthly concernifestation of radical (i. e. unexplainable) barbarous on the other, that is, evil that does non hire of a satisfying ex proposalation. As a matter of course, saviourian history has used to specific and distinct models for explaining the problem of evil. They go by umpteen names, only when in this book they are c everyed approach pattern and warfare models of evil.Hence, this recap will explain both world watchs (which, in reality, are holistic views of graven image as such), and accordingly suck upk to use the one the fountain wholly in allows, the warfare view, as a basis for Christina hero-worship. 1. The Blueprint view refuses to accept the problem of evil as such. In the blueprint view, at that place is no evil as radically considered. Good is all p resent since all is part of gods will, that is, under His power. On the other hand, evil is relative, non absolute, since its purpose in instauration and history is to mystify beau ideals people to a knowledge of Himself and a dependency upon Himself.Evil, in this understanding, is only apparent and transitory. There are two versions of the blueprint view that are worth mentioning a unbendable and a weak version. The dependable version is known to most Calvinists, and it is a complete determination of ball-shaped history. This is to say that there is a strong deterministic view, with matinee idol as the first, and active cause, whose power is a completely adequate explanation for all events. Free will is denied, and the only will that is excess is divinitys. he is above moral blame or praise, things are done because He willed it.If one cannot see the cosmic basis for a event of evil, then it is the fault of the person, who is so blinded by sin and egotism that he cannot fathom why evil can befall gentleity, as if they were so wonderful and deserving of paradise. The weaker version holds that guiltless will exists and is real, but that God freely permits mans will to bring ab let out evil so that the same blueprint is realized. In short, man as freely laying Gods blueprint is the weak version, God line it more or less though and only though his own power is the strong version.What they both have in common is the blueprint, the determined form of gracious history (and all the persons) in it that explains evil as the working out of Gods preordained plan. Therefore, the consolation that believers feel when faced with crisis and pain is that there is good behind the apparent evil, and hence, Gods will be Done is the slogan of this thought (50ff). There are problems with the view that the indite carefully lays out. In the most general terms, Boyd holds that this view of evil is completely unacceptable, and holds that God is playing some kind of ga me with his human subjects. more often than not speaking, Boyd seems to appeal to a common sense moral position that to beg modern people to accept radical evil, purposeless death of children, slay of innocents, agonizing birth defects, etc. is too much for people. God is seen as playing with humanity, torturing them at will, and all for some secret plan known only to Him. How can one worship such a world? (80ff). 2. The real response is in the warfare model of Gods power relative to evil. In its most basic form, th reality of Gods omnipotence in no way implies that God uses this to its full capableness.Since granting immunity is a good in itself, God permits free actions to intertwine with the radically complex causality of the natural world to bring about events. Hence, God does not bring them about, he permits his creation, which He has render with its own engine, so to speak, to work out its own tale in history. God, in this model, is not the cause of evil, but exists as a deliverer from evil. Gods will is not being accomplished on earth, and therefore, is not in his power. This is not a weakness in God, but a decision of His to let things run its course and permit human beings to have recourse to Him in their trials.God does not use evil, he delivers from evil. The implications for Christian worship are powerful and stunning. The blueprint view, as a matter of course, seems to reject the concept of petitionary prayer. In other words, if all is in Gods power, and all events (whether freely chosen or all part of Gods manifesting in the world), come from Gods eternal will, then there is no good reason to ask God for anything, and hence, that sort of parental relationship between man and God is eliminated. In the blueprint view, all one can do is seek to praise God, his power and goodness, and to seek communion and unity with Him.Hence, the warfare view rescues and trifles sense out of petitionary prayer. Boyd uses several examples where God transfig ures His mind, in order to listen to a prayer. God of course does not change his mind as a human would, but He has intentionally shrunk his power in order to permit human will to be paramount. In other words, creation in the warfare view is about man coming closer to God, and not the other way around, as is implied by the blueprint view (cf. 125-130). But the centerpiece of the book and the warfare view towards worship is Christ as the image and icon of God.Christ is the expression of God, and hence, should be the center of worship. Christ as god does not cause evil both the determined course of physical character and the free will of human beings to this in a series of gigantic and unexplainable causal chains that are beyond the human capacity to understand. God has given creation its own method of movement, and evil results (to be abstract) from constant conflicts within these two roads of movement free and determined. Christ, on the other hand, came to earth in order to save be lievers from these clashes, to suffer with those afflicted and to draw them closer to Him.There is no necessary plan being unfolded by this, but human beings have recourse to God in times of stress. Jesus mission on earth, therefore, is to free humanity from evil. To see the transitoriness of the world and its massive complexity and to both accept ache and to work against it (suffering can be worked against because it is not necessary). The blueprint view seems to beseech a mere acceptance of evil without any action to be taken against it hence the lack of intercessory prayer. Hence, at the center of all this is the free approach to Christ. Love can only be based on freedom.In either the Calvinist or weaker view of determinism in the blueprint view, there is no real freedom God has arranged all, including the worship of Him. But this is clearly incompatible with love love must be chosen freely (152-155ff). But even more, evil is the result fo the misuse of human freedom this is t he final point. God permits mankind to clear up mistakes in the same sense that a loving father permits children to make errors, so that they learn. He withdraws Himself in order to let human freedom reign, not some divine plan decided before the creation of the world.The very existence of human freedom is incompatible with the blueprint view. God sets his face against those who use this freedom for evil, and provides grace and solace for those who are secondhand by it. But this warfare will not last for eternity, Christs taking on human nature becomes the final supremacy of Gods union with mankind. Jesus does not cause evil, he heals from evil. He sees those using their freedom for evil as ignorant, as not fully knowing what they are doing. God then, as his final word, seeks forbearance and reconciliation.

Why Do We Need Laws

Why do we need practice of laws? The law controls social relations and behavior To satisfy our basic needs and to form the full potential of homophile existence, people have always desire to live in company or friendship with others, the basis of this existence, by its very nature, must involve social fundamental interaction. To ensure the party functions effectively and survives it is necessary to establish norms of pleasurable behavior. The state may impose sanctions or punishments on those who fail to comply with these rules.Although these norms are generally accepted by members of the society and are allow ind in the legal order, social interaction will inevitably lead to disputes because of conflicting interests of someones and groups. It is difficult for groups of individuals to live in perfect harmony. The objective of any legal system will be providing answers to everyday problems that arise. The solutions to such problems must accord with the objectives that are ju dged by the partnership to be socially desirable. The law tells people what they must do or refrain from doing.Without laws, there would be no code of what is acceptable behavior, without laws, outlawry and chaos would occur society. The law hold dears individuals and their rights The main focus of the law is to nurture the rights of individuals in society. In order to feel safe and secure whether at home or in wider fraternity laws are needed to protect our rights. If a crime is committed against a person, the police will analyse and the offender will be prosecuted through the courts and receive a punishment.Under civic law, if an individuals rights have been infringed the courts may provide compensation to the individual for the damage they have suffered. The law ponders community values Each society has a set of values and beliefs that are important to the individuals of that society. Laws are needed to protect the values of the community and to reflect the societys beli efs of what is acceptable and unacceptable. To most societies, an important value is the importance of human life as a result any actions that harm of interfere with the quality of human life would be against the law.As society changes, it is important that the law also changes to reflect changing values and attitudes in the community. However, there are areas of the law where there are conflicting values within the community some examples include voluntary euthanasia, human cloning and same sex marriages. There has been new controversial discussions concerning the banning of smoking in private residences due to the jounce of smoking on children and pets who share a house with smokers. The law protects society Laws are needed to protect society as a solely from the prospect of danger, harm and fear.Laws ensure societys safety. The provision of immurement under the criminal law protects society by removing the offender from the community for a designated period of time. Penalties imposed by the courts can act as a deterrent to the wider community in that the consequences of committing a criminal criminal offence are widely known and people will refrain from committing offences in the future, resulting in the protection of society. Homework Revise the reasons we read laws Read the media fit out p12 and answer questions 1,2,3,4,5

Epi Study Guide – Leon Gordis

Reverse Time Order- subject actually come in the lead the exposure (opposite of hypothesis) the outcome Is really the exposure and the exposure Is really the outcome d. Chance- to occur accidentally, without design, a coincidence e. Bias- systematic misplay in design, conduct, or analysis of a study that results in a mistaken forecast 3. 4 enduring epidemiological understandings patterns to their occurrence. These patterns can be identified with charge of populations. Examining these patterns of health and distemper can help us get up a hypothesis bout their possible causes. B.A hypothesis can be tested by comparing the frequency of disease in selected sorts of great deal with and without the exposure to determine if the exposure and the disease are associated. When the exposure is hypothesized to hire a beneficial effect, studies can be designed in which a group of people is intentionally disclosed to the hypothesized cause and compared to a group that is non assailabl e. When an exposure is hypothesized to render detrimental effect, it is unethical to intentionally expose a group of people. In these fortune, studies can be designed that keep on groups of free living people with and without the exposure. . One possible explanation for determination an tie-up is that the exposure causes the outcome. Because studies are complicated by factors not controlled by the observer, other explanations also must be considered, including chance, bias, confounding and reverse succession order. D. Judgment about whether an exposure causes a disease is developed by examining a body of epidemiological evidence as well as evidence from other scientific disciplines 8 cause-effect criteria questions 1 . What is the strength of association between the take chances factor and the disease? 2. Can a biologic gradient be demonstrated? 3. Is the limiting consistent?Has it been replicated by others in other places? 4. Have studies established that the fortune fac tor precedes the disease? 5. Is the risk factor associated with on disease of many antithetical diseases? 6. Is the new finding coherent with earlier knowledge about the risk factor and the disease? 7. Are the implications of the observed findings biologically sensible? Been produced by controlled administ proportionalityn of the risk factor? 4. Active surveillance a. s when the researcher is actively to compile data for the study 5. Age-adjusted rates a. Eliminate the effects of differences in the term distributions of populations 6. Association a. Towards the null = towards no association 7. Bias a. Systematic error in design, conduct, or analysis of a study that results in a mistaken estimate of an exposures effect on the risk of disease 8. biological gradient/ dose-response relationship 9. Biological sense Are the implications of the observed findings biologically sensible? If it doesnt make biological sense today, doesnt besotted it cant in futurity 10. Landing- a. Blind the participants, blind people administering exposures, and even blind assessors evaluating if they do or do not have outcome I.Other measures, such as mean differences, are used if the data are continuous 39. Measures of statistical stability P ranges and confidence intervals are the two main shipway to asses the role of chance in epidemiological research. The null P value and 95% confidence interval are most commonly used. 40. Misclassification a. indifferently misclassification likelihood that misclassification is equal (if there is an association, you are less likely to find it) b. Differential misclassification alters measure of affect 42. theme Childrens Health Study a.The National Childrens Health Study will examine the effects of the environment, as in the main defined to include factors such as air, water, diet, sound, family dynamics, community and cultural influences, and genetics on the growth, development, and health of children across the United States, followi ng them from before kin until age 21 years b. Cohort study 43. Natural Experiments -natural occurring circumstances in which groups of Pl within a population have been exposed to different levels of the hypothesized exposure. 44. Necessary and abundant a. Al people with the ADZ are exposed 45. Not necessary and sufficient a. Those who have the ADZ may or may not be exposed 46. Necessary and not sufficient a. Elf you have the ADZ you have the exposure you can have the exposure but the exposure may not be enough for you to get the ADZ 47. Not necessary and not sufficient a. Do not need to have exposure to have outcome, outcome does not mean you have b. XSL could be a cause of ADZ 48. Numerator a. A count 49. Nun Study- a. Retrospective cohort study, 1,000 nuns participated in the study. 3 of the nuns rote an autobiography at 22 linguistic in relation to Alchemies. 50. data-based Studies a. An epidemiological study of a natural experiment in which the investigator is not involved o ther than to count 51 . Odds ratio a. Ratio of the probability of the occurrence of an event to that of its nonoccurrence b. OR= (A/C) / (BID) Students who did not do their homework had an odds of having a cell phone 9 quantify that of students who did their homework. 52. Outcome ADZ, caused by exposure 53. P value 54. Passive surveillance is when the researcher relies on the available data for the study

Define and Explain Branding Principles with Examples

Define and explain Branding principles with examples? Principle 01 KEEP IT straightforward- maven most common mistake that marketing and advertising throng do is that they hypothesise a lot through their ads. so hold up it innocent so it remains in discernment of consumer for longer extent of time. because one big idea is best. Example- 1. Subway focus on health 2. Nestle on health. 3. Nike say provided do it 4. Addidas say impossible is nonhing. 5. Gulahmad of uplifted class 6. Sana safina tonicity lawn for summers. 7. Daewoo express provide arctic and timely journey. On average one person is hit by 500-1000 ads in one day. onsumer toleratenot saturate all of them. It should be personal and simple means talk about consumer, tell how customer can bring down maximum benefit through it. Principle 02 WORD OF MOUTH hit IN MASSES- This rule builds the inciter. its difficult to build chump only if through advertising. its heavy to build advertising and public relation billet by side. many dots and cons fails to build carry. those who survived only through media, public traffic and word of mouth. PUBLIC RELATION ACTIVIST- 1. Paid documentaries by baharia town. 2. GEO news. 3. news on facebook on launching new brands. . Promotion in magazines originally brand comes i. e. tooti fruit in nation magazine 5. Can course news to the media, write about the elements. 6. Photography Result of activist is not predictable i. e Amazon. com had good HR. RED BULL doing PR activities near the globe not spending much on ads but on PR. Principle 03 DEFINE USP OF YOUR BRAND- Focused on that point which is its strength,on which brand is powerful. because that point consumerwi ll not for range. Broadly define traits of your brand either it is large-minded/small,expensive/inexpensive,local/international.Narrow down list to define your brand. Examples- NIRALA initially was a local business organization but now national brand in sharjah and dubai. CHAMMAN init ially was in Lahore now in different cities i. e Islama foul,multan,Karachi. MASOOMS in Lahore Karachi and multan. SHAAN MASALA was local brand but now it is international one. STARBUKS harward idea in mid 1980 to form chain of coffee houses. TOY R US initially just they remembering on small scale now leading kids store for toys video games dolls action figures. Belong to different nice but creation focused and different is best. cattered messages on too many traits rather be focused on single/few traits is in effective way. One cannot be every thing to every one. One have to get in to mind of consumers scattered message is not effective. Principle 04 DIFFERENCIATION IS THE primal- If you cant be different then brighten it different. what make your company and your output different from the compotators. EXAMPLES- 1. Balli ki chay-sitting environment is different for pause out for boys. 2. Gans ink- making ink they differentiated by displace chocolates in packaging of ink to attract consumer. . Pepsi give shaan tikka masala to attract customers. 4. glacial yogurt differentiated as it is replacement of ice-cream and low sugar having little calories. Principle 05 1ST BRAND ADVANTAGE- Its not about the quality of the product or the size of the marketing budget. most often its not about being the first one. being first in mind not in market. Examples- 1. Coke is first carbonated. 2. Polaroid was the first instant exploitation camera. 3. Fedex was first company of ship packages overnight across the US. 4. Lado marka first textile wasing soap. . Haleeb sab sa garha doodh first tetra pak. These companies and their products succees in being the first to gain space in our mind. when first gain advantage then other stand its merchantman and by doing better marketing they can beat compition in consumer view. just what if u not 01? Strong 2nd is not a bad in business. world buyers like choices. if you have a choice to dumbfound 2nd in marketcompete hard a gainst leader and permote your general category. Examples- 1. Macdonalds is 1 in fastfood chain buts ubway is 1 in healthy food. 2.Coke 1 but pepsi 2 3. Merinda 1 in orange flavor and 7up in lemon flavor. 4. Mobilink 1 in business class but ufone in youth. Principle 06 PERCEPTION AND QUALITY Its not about the quality of the product but similarly the perception of quality that really counts. if it is branded it is automatically encourageable. Example- 1. PIZZAHUT is an international chain perception built its pizza pass on be best but those who taste local lassani pizza is also high quality with low cost. 2. LAYS is high quality as compares to superintendent CRISP though it is also good in taste.If cost is high it is understood of best quality Often the price tag is major(ip) contributor to the perception of quality. we are quick to connect the cost of something to the pry we place on it. our judgement of the quality may tilt base on other factors. but actual cost is indeed and important factor in influencing the perception of quality. its almost impossible to separate the value of the product from the actual cost in our mind. we immediately assumed that the low priced items is of least qualityand the most expensive of the best quality.Principle 07 BE reproducible AND PATIENT- Building a brand is not voiced. It takes time and effort to build a brand and maintain the quality of your product or service. The key is to show consistency and patience. brands cannot be build overnight. EXAMPLES- * Quaker oates (since one hundred twenty-five year) * Coke since 1987 In order to stay on target and to amaze consistent image in the market place. you mustiness institutionalize your brand within the organization. Otherwise when you have change in personnel invariance your brand will change. ith branding most of the time change is not good. Principle 08 WRITE YOUR OWN BRAND DEFINITION- Despite change in market directions personnel or ad agencies your brand must be constant. one must writeth e quality and specifications of the brand. brand diffrenciation not define what they do rather who they are and want to present themselves as. it can serve as yardstick from which to judge. EXAMPLE- Expensive, high quality products, easy going, friendly ,customized care. Whatever you provided write it down on paper.

Impact of Hrd Mechanism on Emotional Intelligence

Firstly, we cannot express sufficient taste perception to our advisor Mrs. Koran Taker. We atomic number 18 fortunate to pay off such a passionate and exemplary advisor. Her patience and support enabled us to overcome the challenges encountered by us during our stainless journey as an MBA student. She has read our dissertation literally word by word and provided insightful and invaluable feedback that we would not nurse been able to receive from each unity else. We concur truly learned from her how to live as a scholar, a teacher, and a Mentor. We in addition thank our H. O. D. Ms.Supreme Sinai, for building our alluvium as a queryer and teaching us how to write a dissertation. We owe a debt of gratitude to all of the Lovely Professional University colleagues in the program. We to a fault want to thank members of LEAP for their prayers and support. They treated us like their possess family. Our love and appreciation go to our family for their endless support. Special than ks to our p bents, who conduct provided all of the wonderful opportunities in our life. Executive Summary mad science is gaining prevalence in all the walks of give birth(prenominal) and professional lives of individual as well as the brass sections.With the increasing individual line up better and act a meaningful lay down life with enhanced values and ethical standards. It is desirous on the part of the ecesiss to tap this potential and lead the attach to towards an ethical work environment leading to solventive performance and heightened satisfaction. With this foretaste in mind, the current paper make up ones minds come out to examine the kinship in the midst of the dimensions of feelingal parole and overweight clime at workplace in Indian Banking sectors.The precedes suggest that steamy comprehension and its dimensions ar significantly cogitate to firmly humor at workplace and variables of turned on(p) scholarship namely, scalawag aw beness, in terpersonal connectivity and aroused regulation deport a predictive family family human relationship with expectant Climate at workplace. In this debate, it was investigated whether there is any sham of laborious Climate on stirred learning (II). A play along questionnaire was administered to 1 50 employees from different Banks in Calendar.In this mise en scene, HARD is playing an authorised role in the organizations. HER meaner employees in organization, who work to increase the profit for organization. Development, it is skill of capabilities that argon fatalityed to do the present meditate, or the future expect trouble. HARD is the process of helping people to acquire competencies. Climate, this is an boilers suit intent that is conveyed by the physical layout, the way employees interact and the way members of the organization make out themselves with out emplacementrs.Organizational climate is a set of characteristics of an organization. To survive it is ve ry essential for an organization to adapt itself to the changes in the environment and also continuously prepare their employees to strike the challenges this exit fill a authoritative impact on the organization. The HARD climate is changing due to some factors which are influencing change in the stemma scenario which are globalization, merger and acquisitions, technology, outsourcing. The HARD climate plays a of the essence(p) role in determining organisational performance.The objective of incorporating HARD machine is to break-dance the individual as a person to continuously recognize, develop and use their potential. This will develop the individual in relation to their rent out and their future expected role. The overall impact would be the development of the organization as a whole to promote capabilities of the employees. This would create a climate conducive to accomplish organisational actioniveness. The success of an organization intumescently depends on the fav orable HARD climate.Existence of a favorable HARD climate will give space to a supportive atmosphere which allows the employees to improve their skills. A proper functioning HARD climate is like an investment on employees which will lead to broad(prenominal)er returns in terms of increased performance. The employee heavy(a) senior high schooler performances will definitely be content with his telephone line and personal development and will step to the another(prenominal) level of wound uply stable. HARD mechanisms are required for the growth of a company and the idea is that the entire process should be transparent and known to all the employees.The real fear is to find out the area which needs which needs improvement. There are many HARD mechanisms available to develop the competencies and skills of employees and improve the overall organizational climate. The HARD mechanisms are like performance appraisal, potential appraisal, feedback 5 imaginativeness planning, recruit ment, selection and placement. Besides this, trend in the organizations is changing these days. To attain personal and organizational success the factors required go beyond the intellect, such as maturity, empathy, communication, st index.To project and manage emotions is very much important when working in an organization. We are all aware of IQ or acquaintance quotient. But we are not much familiar with ruttish news. excited intelligence was popularized by Daniel Coleman in his book, aflame Intelligence. The concept of randy intelligence is a resistant term that encompasses a wide range of individual inherent skills and capabilities, unremarkably called soft skills or inter and intra-personal skills, which fall outside the category of that are outside the conventional skills and knowledge.Emotional intelligence is much than like being fully acquaint of our own emotions and behavior pattern and their dynamic relationship with handed-down intelligence. The emotionally goodly person will be able to spread over pressures and adapt to the continuous work upholdd changes. Both emotional intelligence and cognitive intelligence are like two sides of the coin which are really essential for the tender mind. It is verbalize that if one is insufficiencying the other part has to be compensated to accustom and survival. Since 1990, Peter Salvoes and John D.Mayer afford been the leading look intoers on emotional intelligence. In their influential article Emotional Intelligence, they defined emotional intelligence as, the subset of companionable intelligence that involves the ability to observe ones own and others feelings and emotions, to criminate among them and to use this information to channelize ones thinking and actions (1990). As they defined emotional intelligence, they also proposed four branches of emotional intelligence which are perceiving emotions, reasoning with emotions, transforming emotions and managing emotions.The idea is to see that if good HARD climate helps in retaining the employees and increase their level of motivation to perform better and continue in the organization. The purpose of the put up is to study about(predicate) what are the implications of HARD mechanism in developing emotional intelligence among the employees. Significance of the view This study is one of the first known attempts to uncover the relationships among El and HARD climate in empirical research. Because it is currently difficult to find an empirical study that integrates these concepts, this study can provide run agroundational knowledge for further research on the topic.The results of this study will also have implications for practitioners in the firmament of human imaginativeness development. Though applications of El are already actively used in training and development programs after the concept was popularized by Coleman (1995), the problem is that there is not efficient scientific evidence for the effect of El i n the workplace (Matthews et al. , 2002). Though there are a few studies that have found significant relationships considered neither the contextual factors of the work settings nor the effect of emotional intelligence experienced by workers.Thus, it is still not certain in which circumstances El and HARD climate have an effect on work outcomes. This study will identify the contextual factors that interact with the employees El to bring about consequences in the workplace. Therefore, human resource development restrictions may be able to apply the findings of this study in exploring the possibilities of designing and implementing El development programs. There is still a lack of research on the construct in the field of human resource development . F significant relationships among employees El are found in this study, practitioners may apply this finding to seek the possibility of reducing employees El . Limitations of the Study 0 Because this study will be conducted in special(p renominal) work settings, the findings may not be applicable to a commercial enterprise environment with different characteristics. 0 Also, the results of his study may not be generalized to employees in organizations that have a different culture because emotion display rules are a function of societal norms, occupational norms, and organizational norms. In addition, caution is needed when interpreting the results of this study. Even if an individuals El is found to have arrogant effects, this does not necessarily imply that people with high El should be selected when organizations hire employees. Nor will this 7 research provide any evidence about whether El development programs are possible or effective. 0 Finally, there is much controversy over whether emotions can be assured empirically. Thus, the limitations of the instruments used in this study may have an effect on the usefulness of the results in a workplace setting.Objectiveso To study the implication of HARD mechanism o n emotional intelligence. HypothesisHo -There is no significant relation between HARD mechanism and emotional intelligence. Hal- There is a significant relation between HARD mechanism and emotional intelligence. Definitions of Key Terms Key terms in this study are defined as follows. Emotional intelligence (E) -is the ability to identify, assess, and learn the emotions of oneself, of others, and of groups. It can be divided into ability El and property El.Ability El is usually measured use maximum performance tests and has stronger relationships with traditional intelligence, whereas trait El is usually measured using self-report questionnaires and has stronger relationships with personality. Emotional sentiency-emotional cognizance is the first step needed towards getting an emotion in lay to be able to get rid of it. For example you might be feeling happy while being with your friends then suddenly and out of no where your mood cast offs.This didnt happen out of nothing as it seemed save you Just didnt notice the trigger hat resulted in the mood swing because you didnt develop proper emotional awareness Self-assessment -Self assessment is the process of looking for at oneself in order to assess aspects that are important to ones identity. It is one of the motives that drive self-evaluation, along with self-verification and self-enhancement. Self-confidence-self confidence relates to self-assuredness in ones personal judgment, ability, power, etc.Self- get word-Self control is the ability to control ones emotions, behavior, and desires in order to obtain some reenforcement, or avoid some punishment. Presumably, some smaller) reward or punishment is operating(a) in the short term which precludes, or reduces, the later reward or punishment. Empathy-Empathy is the capacity to recognize emotions that are being experienced by other sentient or fictional being. Performance Appraisal-let is a rule by which the Job performance of an employee is evaluated. Performance appraisals are a part of calling development and consist of regular recapitulations of employee performance within organizations. Feedback- instruction about reactions to a product, a persons performance of a task, etc. , used as a basis for improvement. Social competence-Social competence is a complex, 2-dimensional concept consisting of kind, emotional (e. G. , affect regulation), cognitive (e. G. , fund of information, skills for processing/acquisition, linear perspective taking), and behavioral (e. . , conversation skills, proboscis behavior) skills, as well as motivational and expectancy sets (e. G. , moral development, ceaselessly) needed for successful kind adaptation. Social competence also reflects having an ability to take anothers perspective concerning a situation, learn from departed experiences, and apply that learning to the changes in social interactions. Personnel competence- The set of individual personality traits which enable individuals to manage themselves independently and capably.Emotional Intelligence conceptual framework Concepts of intelligence have evolved over the last 100 years. In the first half of the 20th century, there was a common belief that the adequate measure of IQ test. But looking into the findings of current researches, it is said that the IQ hit as the measure of intelligence need to be interpreted with caution. Academics as well as the practitioners have conveyed that the intelligence of human beings and its implications for the organization should be considered from the cognitive and emotional perspectives.They say that as compared to cognitive intelligence, it is the emotional intelligence that has greater relevance to organizational successes. In 1900 Alfred fizzle begins administering tests to French school children for intelligence and first large scale judicature of IQ test was held to US army. The notion of El can be traced to Thorniness (1920) concept of social intelligence, Hecklers (1940) proposition conceptualization of of non-intellective abilities as well as Gardeners (1983) personal intelligence. However, the term of emotional intelligence (E) owes its origin to Salvoes and Mayer (1990).They originally defined emotional intelligence as the ability of an individual to monitor ones own and others emotions, to discriminate among the convinced(p) and negative effects of emotion and to use emotional information to guide ones thinking and actions. Then emotional intelligence has been popularized by Coleman (1997), the concept is derived from social intelligence Monsoons and Indris, 1999). Unlike abstract intelligence, which refers to the ability to understand and manipulate symbols, or concrete intelligence, social intelligence refers to the ability to understand and relate to people.According to the Colemans emotional intelligence model he identifies four emotional intelligence domains and 19 associated competencies. These four domains are self awareness, sel f management, social competence and social management El is also can define as an individuals ability to accurately perceive reality so as to understand and regulate their own emotional responses as well as adapt and oppose to others (Mayer and Salvoes, 1997 Paltrier, 2002). This emerges as four interrelated social skills, grouped just about knowledge, perception, regulation and mineral intelligence (Mayer and Salvoes, 1997).Leaving aside general intelligence, the other components relate to the individuals ability to manage their emotional response (Coleman, 1998 Mayer and Salvoes, 1997). 10 Emotional perception allows individuals to respond congruently, as they recognize their own and others emotional responses. Emotional regulation meaner individuals self-monitor the fanaticism and direction of their own and others emotional responses, as Paltrier (2002) highlights, allowing them to moderate negative emotional reactions and remain positive.Regulation, the third component, allow s individuals to utilize their emotional knowledge to promote productive thinking and flexibility, framework be personalized in the following ways. First, individuals who understand their own emotions can more accurately identify their responses and so change if need be. Second, the intellectual use of emotions meaner individuals cognitive decisions are more acute, so they are better able to assimilate information, make Judgments or be creative and solve problems.This suggests emotionally intelligent people are more self-conscious regarding their strengths and limitations, and because of this they are claimed to be more confident, optimistic, legible, innovative and comfortable with new ideas (Black, 1999 Coleman,1998 Mayer and Salvoes, 1997). Clearly,employees stretch forth advantages to contemporary organizations wanting to gain competitive advantage finished adaptability, fast response and change innovation. At this point, we must acknowledge that studies of emotional intelli gence are in their infancy, with some questioning the veracity of the concept (Hunt, 2001) and its measures (Becker, 2003).Relationship of Emotional Intelligence with other organizational factors Factual Ihram. Et. Al. (2002) investigated the relationships of the five dimensions of emotional intelligence self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, Emma-thy, and social skills of supervisors to subordinates strategies of handling conflict problem understand and bargaining. Data (N = 1 ,395) for this study were collected with questionnaires from MBA students in seven countries (U. S. , Greece, China, Bangladesh, Hong Kong and Macaw, South Africa, and Portugal).The results in the U. S. Suggested that self- awareness is positively associated with agglutination, empathy, and social skills self regulation is positively associated with empathy and social skills empathy and social kills are positively associated with motivation which in turn, is positively associated with problem solving s trategy and negatively associated with bargaining strategy. Differences among countries in these relationships were noted and implications for organizations discussed. 1 1 Brewer,et. L(2012) examined different models of emotional intelligence with respect to capability, competency, and traits. It offered a comparison of emotional intelligence with other leadership styles and the associated skill sets which can be both learned and taught. It discussed the implications of emotional intelligence as to organizational culture wherein examined are the applicability of business models with other theories of emotional intelligence. Detailed are information on the ability and mental model of emotional intelligence which can be achieved at four levels from infancy to adulthood.Gulling trip also carried out study on emotional intelligence on the different model of emotional intelligent with respect to capability, competency,trait. Laura. Et. Al. (2011) examined the effects of emotional intelli gence on getting along and getting ahead leadership behaviors at work. The results found room an psychoanalysis of a dataset derived from a 3600 leadership behavior survey effect on collaborative behaviors at work, and collaborative behaviors directly affect the inspirational side of leadership performance.Floret Elizabeth also visualized the study and examined the effects of emotional intelligence on getting ahead leadership behavior at work. Gardenia. Et. Al(2012) conducted a study to investigate the relationship between emotional intelligence and legerity of the workforce in order to determine how indicators of emotional intelligence allay the agility at the individual level. Statistical Population of this study include managers, supervisors and staffs of food companies and the simple random sampling method was used. The survey results have showed that emotional intelligence factors have an impact on workforce agility.The results also have revealed that factors which are relat ed to interpersonal competence (Self-awareness, self-control and self-motivation) have more effects on the agility than factors which are related to social competence (empathy and relation management) and have a greater role in workforce agility changes. Toadied Massey. Et. Al (2010) assessed a study to investigate the relationship twine emotional intelligence and variety of organizational powers among them is one of the research goals. Pearson correlation and a questionnaire were the tools used to collect data.The results shown that there is a directionally positive relationship between emotional intelligence and the tendency to admittance of in force(p) and referent power. Moreover, there is a reverse relationship between emotional intelligence and the tendency to admittance of coercive power, legitimate power and reward power. Should Stayed. Et. Al (2010) demonstrated a study to measure the effect of emotional intelligence and 12 ender on Job satisfaction in three different gove rnmental organizations in Egypt (Information and Decision Support Center (ODDS), Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MIMIC) and (N.B.).A survey method was used to gather 48 questionnaires from employees who have worked in the three organizations. It employed a linear regression with emotional intelligence and gender as the independent variable. The results lead that employees who are of high emotional intelligence are more satisfied with their work more than the employees who are of low emotional intelligence. The outcomes of testing the research hypotheses showed here major findings First, gender has insignificantly influenced with Job satisfaction, second, emotional Intelligence significantly influences with Job satisfaction.Third, emotional intelligence and gender interact to influence with Job satisfaction. Emotional Intelligence at the Workplace The benefits of applying El in the workplace may include higher(prenominal) tolerance for stress, better people ma nagement skills and more effective performance as part of a team (Killeen, 1996). Researches have also showed the linkages between Job satisfaction and El. Higher levels of El predicted higher levels of Job satisfaction and stronger inspections with co-workers and supervisors (Abraham, 1999).Fisher (2000) linked emotions and moods with Job satisfaction. Recently, Cote and Morgan (2002) found that amplification of positive emotions increased Job satisfaction while suppression of unpleasant emotions reduced Job satisfaction. The El construct has important (Cooper and Safe, 1997) . In the organization domain, several(prenominal) studies examine the relevance and prevalence of emotional intelligence in the context of the corporate sector.Sings (2003) compared Japanese and Indian managers and concluded that Japanese managers were high on thinking, while Indian managers were high on leaning. Further it has been argued that since Indians, by and large have high affiliation need, this needs to be tapped effectively through the appropriate use of the concept of El that yields enhancement in productivity. This shows that the need of El is not uniform across occupations. The relationship of El was study with leadership effectiveness, success and Job satisfaction among Indian army officers by Survivalist (2003).It was found that emotionally more intelligent army officers adopted a transformational style of leadership to motivate their subordinates to perform beyond expectations. They also perceive them to be more successful in their careers. Highs (2004) have studied the relationship between 13 emotional intelligence and performance in UK call centers. To explore the relationship between the El of call center agents and ratings of their performance, a try out of 289 agents from three organizations was studied.Results included a strong relationship between overall El and individual performance as well as between several El elements from the model and performance conclud ing that individuals having good emotional intelligence were better on their work performance. Another study examining the relationship of emotional intelligence and job satisfaction among 291 Indian army officers using a structured interview schedule was reported by Survivalist (2004). The result showed that the overall regression equation between the dimensions of El as predictors and Job satisfaction as criterion variable was not significant.This result suggested that El does not contribute towards satisfaction with the Job. Whereas, other researches have showed the linkages between Job satisfaction and El. Higher levels of El predicted higher levels of Job satisfaction and stronger connections with co-workers and supervisors Abraham,1999 Kahn, 1990). seller Zee and Wave (2004) examined the usefulness of trait emotional intelligence among a sample of 1,186 top managers who filled out questionnaires for emotional intelligence and were evaluated by a consultant on their competencie s.Three higher order factors were found to underlie the Bar-on emotional quotient Inventory (Bar-On,1997) Sense of accomplishment, empathy and playfulness. On the whole, top managers scored higher on the El dimensions compared with a general population sample. High El scores were particularly found among managers from enterprising occupational environments hat is environments dominated by activities that entail persuading the leading others to attain organizational goals or economic gain.Another review was reported by Giddier, Matthews and Roberts (2004) for conceptualizations and empirical evidence in support of emotional intelligence and its claimed role in the occupational environment. Consideration is given to the purported situation of El in occupational and career assessment (with particular fury on personal selection and placement), Job performance, and satisfaction. Overall this review demonstrates that new-made

Leadership Interview Paper Essay

I interviewed Becky Hendrix, Executive Director for original Care Services. I latterly had the honor of interviewing mortal in our community who has had more than twenty days of leading experience in our community. The interview ended up winning much unyieldinger than I expected because I was so influenced by what she had to say, I did not postulate to miss some(prenominal)thing. Mrs. Becky Hendrix started her career as a CPA back in the 80s for the World cloak Press. Her leading abilities were quickly realized, and she was promoted to head CPA. From there she moved on to the victor Care Service where she remained for fifteen years serving as a CPA, and finally drubing her way up to the Executive Director. Becky was in recoil of over 187 employees. My conversation with Becky took a direction that I did not expect. She attri thates her succeeder to the drawship traits that she has acquire over the years, and quoted many of the very ideas and theories al closely direc t from our class lecture. That was an incredible experience to witness firsthand how these traits be rally behaviors and practices. passim the course of our interview, Becky laid fall out the history of her leadership experience, and dited out how she has matched many of her pillow slipistics from watching other people. Becky heavily noted how leadership and focusing styles let made a drastic change over the destination 30 years from the my way, or the highway (Hendrix) approach, to a servant leadership approach. Mrs. Hendrix recalled a plaque that use to hang in her bosses office in the 80s that read Beatings and hangings will continue until morale improves That was the strategy that was used back then, but disregarded the lingering question of wherefore in the eyes of the employees.Becky extendd me with a great analogy that explained the concept of putting a screw into a board with a hammer. You fire exploit a Screw into a board with a hammer, and it will go in howev er, both she screw and the board will end up forever damaged and the board will eventually wiggle loose. (Hendrix) short check over term results can be achieved through toxic leadership, but long term goals will almost always weaken. Throughout her experience with Professional Care Services, Becky noticed that approach be used, and vowed to change it within her neighborhood of leadership. She attributes her success to that very idea.Strong inter personalized skills are peerless of the most all-important(a) characteristics she outlined for me. By that, she means take succession to be kind (Hendrix). To achieve positive results out of the people in which she work with, Becky turned her division upside down (Hendrix) or transiti mavind to a servant leadership philosophy. She wanted her employees to feel like the president of the company was nighone who not only cared most them and their concerns, but wanted to be virtuallyone who they could come to with any enigmas or ide as they have. Seek first to understand originally you try to be understood. (Hendrix) By taking time through magnetized leadership to be kind to her employees, and being empathetic toward their work and personal lives, Becky was able to achieve above average results out of average people.The world power to shut up and listen is a key trait one mustiness have to be a levelheaded leader. I asked her if she scene that by being friendly to her employees, and featureting to spang them personally interfered with her ability to delegate. Becky responded by stating that if you are firm but fair, honest and straight forth with people at all times, you will in turn commandeer respect from your employees which will provide both recrudesceies the necessary tools to excel in their respective positions. One must beware, however, of being insincere, because everyone will see objurgate through you and lose all respect. One must lead by example and be constantly and actively aware on a d aily basis that everyone is watching the leaders and modeling their actions later yours. mass put one overt care what you know until they know that you care (Hendrix).another(prenominal) key trait that Becky noted was that leaders are the ones who are free to countenance up and try it. When she was in her infant s smidgee of leadership, she volunteered to expire the store, for one of the managers. She just threw me the keys and walked out the door I was scared to death, but willing to give it a shot Yeah, I made around mistakes but I also learned how to keep from making them again. (Hendrix) leaders is a series of conquering fears and taking on challenges regardless if you have all of the answers. Your mindset must be one of I mobilise I can fix that (Hendrix). She closed the discussion on leadership traits and skills with a quote from one of her favorite authors, Zig Ziglar. If you want to press all you can out of life, you must first help others to get all they can ou t of life (Hendrix).I told Mrs. Hendrix that she had given me some great insight as to what traits and skills were necessary to being a leader among women, but wanted to know more. For me really get an idea of how these ideas and theories can be put into practice, I needed to know how one goes about actually doing these things while being in a high workload-high examine position on a daily basis. Becky stated that it all starts with the well-situated rule of treating others the way you want to be treated. Take time to stop and signify about each comment that you make. People will rally the things that you say and the way they perceive you. eternally make a certain effort wear a smile on your face (even if you dont feel like it) when dealing with others. When you are in a position of authority, people will naturally fear you, and model your emotions.If you want to employees to be happy, simply act happy around them. Secondly, one must make it a point to address others by name a t least twice in every conversation. Becky requires every one of the part time employees in her organization to wear a name tag so that she can remember their names and something about them. This is very toilsome to do however when you have over 187 people working on your team. For that reason one must use their resources. Becky required her managers to know some personal details about each employee that worked in their store. They would hold extra team building events outside of work such as an eventide out on the town. When Becky makes a visit to a store, she would first legal brief herself with the manager about the employees who worked there.She would want to know who was doing well, and a little about their personal lives. She would then go to those people and praise them in forward of their co-workers. A good strategy to use is to always praise in groups, and criticize in private. (Hendrix) When dealing with problematic employees, many managers unknowingly work around them for fear of having to deal with their complaints. When this occurs, the leader is actually rewarding the severely employee, and punishing the good employees by making them do the other persons work. This causes the good employees to slack off and learn to complain in order to get what they want. If you dont like what is being done, you better check what is being rewarded (Hendrix).Another Key practice Becky discussed was the power of questioning. During our interview, Becky performed a humor play to prove a point. She had selected the 6 of diamonds and laid it face down on the desk without my knowledge. She then told me that I was going to figure out what the solution to the problem was (what card was on the desk). She began to ask me a series of questions that caused me to rule out various suites and numbers of cards. I was astonished to find out that after only a few questions, I had figured out what card was on the desk. It made me feel like I had rationally come up with the solution on my own, thus making me feel important about my accomplishment. Rather than criticize others, ask them questions to make them realize on their own what mistakes they are making and how to improve upon them (Hendrix).Finally, I wanted to know how she got to the level of understanding that she has achieved as a leader. From the standpoint of a bookman interested in becoming a leader, how do you get from point A to Point B? Mrs. Hendrix pointed out that you must take time to develop a clearly defined and concise personal bursting charge statement. Furthermore, you must look at it each and every day and think about how you can utilize it in every situation. You must learn to become a student of people, and be able to effectively commune your visions and goals to others (Hendrix). One can begin by taking initiative in their own environment may it be work, school, social groups or any other situation you have the opportunity to stand up and be a leader. Be willing to accept t he fact that you will fail at times.One who is willing to attempt leadership and fails is better than one who never tried at all. (Hendrix). Listen to what others have to say, and encourage them to provide their input. Never criticize their ideas no matter how bad they may adept to you. This will prevent others from providing feedback that is crucial to your personal development as a leader. Most of all, Becky left me with the idea that leaders must have character and honesty. Leaders are born from the heart, not created or placed into their roles. Always act as a servant to others and listen to what they have to say. cyanogenic and Tyrannical leadership will spread like wildfire and destroy everything in its path. You have to make people want to do their part in striving for the common good, but be able and willing to do it yourself (Hendrix).ReferencesHendrix, Becky. Executive Director Ashley Vance. 17 October 2014.